过去完成时和将来完成时考点分析聚焦

过去完成时和将来完成时考点分析聚焦
过去完成时考点分析。 (主语﹢had﹢过去分词)
1.表示“过去的过去”，两个动作有明显的先后关系。
He told me that he had made great progress since he came here.
Tom returned by plane, but his mother had already died.
2.在by、by the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。如：
By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars.
The train had left before we reached the station.
The concert had been on for twenty minutes by the time we got there.
3. 动词expect, hope, intend, mean, plan, suppose, think, want, wish 等动词用过去完成时表示过去本来打算、希望、计划作而未做的事。表示曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped / planned / meant / intended/

I had intended to attend the party, but was stopped by the heavy rain.

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4. 用在表示“一……就”的几个句型中：
Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than,
Hardly / No sooner + 主语 + 过去分词 + when / than / + 一般过去时。如：
We had no sooner been seated than the bus started.
= No sooner had we been seated than the bus started. 我们刚一坐下，车子就启动了。
Hardly had the thief seen the police when he ran away.
5. “时间名词 + before”在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词 + ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去式。如：
He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before.
Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago.
6. 在before或after引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时态代替过去完成时。
After he (had)left the room, the boss came in.
We arrived home before it snowed.

将来完成时：will/shall+have+过去分词，用于第一人称，will+have+过去分词用于其他人称。表示将来某一时刻之前已完成的动作。
By the end of next month we will have learnt 1000 words.

1. — Look! How long ________ like this?
—Three weeks! It’s usual here that rain _______ without stopping these days of the year.
A. has it rained; pours B. has it been raining; pours
C. is it raining; is pouring D. does it rain; pours
2. —Can I help you, Madam?
— No, thanks. I_______.
A. have just looked around B. just look around
C. just looked around D. am just looking around
3. —I haven’t seen you for ages. Where have you been?
— I _______ on leave in Europe.
A. have been B. am C. was D. had been
参考答案及解析
1.【解析】B问某种状态持续多长时间，应用现在完成进行时，而第二个空是指一般状态，故用一般现在时，选B。
2.【解析】D此处用I am just looking around表示我只是正在随便看看，just可以和现在进行时连用，表示只是怎么怎么样。
3.【解析】C 此题可能会误选A，前者说“我好几年未见你，去哪儿了？”可见他已经回来，因此他去欧洲的动作已发生过了，应用过去时来回答where have you been? A则是说我有去过欧洲的事实。